When to see a specialist
What it is
Infertility means needing medical help to get pregnant. For a couple having regular sex without birth control, it usually means no pregnancy after 12 months of trying.1 It is common, and it is a medical condition, not a personal failing.
When to see a specialist
ASRM, the US society for reproductive medicine, recommends seeing a specialist when the person trying to get pregnant is:2
- 35 or younger: after 1 year of trying
- 36 to 40: after 6 months
- over 40: right away
Go sooner if
Don't wait the full time if any of these apply:1,3
- irregular or missing periods
- known endometriosis, pelvic infection, or a risk of damage to the fallopian tubes
- past cancer treatment with chemotherapy or radiation, in either partner
- early menopause in a mother or sister, or past surgery on the ovaries
- a history of testicle problems, or trouble with erection or ejaculation
People planning to wait before having children can also see a specialist early, to talk through their options.2
Check both partners
About half of couples with have a male factor: male factors alone cause 20 to 30%, and they contribute in another 20 to 30%.4 A checkup should include both partners from the start.
Don't wait too long
In one study, 52.9% of patients had already had a year of before they asked for medical advice.2 Often the conversation only starts when the patient brings it up. You can ask your OB-GYN or primary care doctor about fertility at any routine visit, even before you start trying.2
What a specialist does
A reproductive endocrinologist looks for the cause: ovulation, the fallopian tubes and uterus, egg supply, and sperm. Treatment depends on the cause, and the next lessons cover egg freezing, IUI and IVF.
Recap
- Under 35, see a specialist after 12 months of trying. From 35 to 40, after 6 months. Over 40, right away.
- Go sooner with irregular or missing periods, known endometriosis or tube problems, past cancer treatment, or a known sperm problem.
- Both partners should be checked. About half of couples with infertility have a male factor.
- Many people wait a year or more before asking for help.
Words to know 2
| infertility | Not getting pregnant after 12 months of regular sex without birth control, or needing medical help to get pregnant. |
|---|---|
| reproductive endocrinologist | A doctor who specializes in fertility and fertility treatment. |
Educational information, not medical advice. Talk to your doctor about your health.